Element 13
Aluminum (Al)
Aluminum (Al) is element 13 of the periodic table, a post-transition metal in period 3, group 13 (p-block) with an atomic mass of 26.982 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 13
- Symbol
- Al
- Atomic mass
- 26.982 u
- Category
- Post-transition metals
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 13
- Block
- p-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
- Shorthand configuration
- [Ne] 3s2 3p1
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 3
- Oxidation states
- +1, +3
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 933.47 K
- Boiling point
- 2792 K
- Density
- 2.698 g/cm3
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.61
- Atomic radius
- 118 pm
- Covalent radius
- 121 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 184 pm
- First ionization energy
- 578 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 43 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Al-27 | 26.98154 | 100% | Stable |
Common uses
- Packaging
- Construction
- Transportation
- Electronics
Discovery
- Year
- 1825
- Discovered by
- Hans Christian Ørsted
- Country
- Denmark