Element 51
Antimony (Sb)
Antimony (Sb) is element 51 of the periodic table, a metalloid in period 5, group 15 (p-block) with an atomic mass of 121.76 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 51
- Symbol
- Sb
- Atomic mass
- 121.76 u
- Category
- Metalloids
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 15
- Block
- p-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p3
- Shorthand configuration
- [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 18, 5
- Oxidation states
- -3, -2, -1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 903.78 K
- Boiling point
- 1860 K
- Density
- 6.685 g/cm3
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 2.05
- Atomic radius
- 133 pm
- Covalent radius
- 139 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 206 pm
- First ionization energy
- 834 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 103 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sb-121 | 120.90381 | 57.21% | Stable |
Common uses
- Flame retardants
- Batteries
- Alloys
- Semiconductors
Discovery
- Discovered by
- Known since antiquity
- Country
- Unknown