Element 29
Copper (Cu)
Copper (Cu) is element 29 of the periodic table, a transition metal in period 4, group 11 (d-block) with an atomic mass of 63.546 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 29
- Symbol
- Cu
- Atomic mass
- 63.546 u
- Category
- Transition metals
- Period
- 4
- Group
- 11
- Block
- d-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
- Shorthand configuration
- [Ar] 3d10 4s1
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 1
- Oxidation states
- -2, +1, +2, +3, +4
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 1357.77 K
- Boiling point
- 2835 K
- Density
- 8.96 g/cm3
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.9
- Atomic radius
- 145 pm
- Covalent radius
- 132 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 140 pm
- First ionization energy
- 746 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 119 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cu-63 | 62.9296 | 69.17% | Stable |
Common uses
- Electrical wiring
- Plumbing
- Coins
- Cookware
Discovery
- Discovered by
- Known since antiquity
- Country
- Unknown