Element 80
Mercury (Hg)
Mercury (Hg) is element 80 of the periodic table, a transition metal in period 6, group 12 (d-block) with an atomic mass of 200.59 and is a liquid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 80
- Symbol
- Hg
- Atomic mass
- 200.59 u
- Category
- Transition metals
- Period
- 6
- Group
- 12
- Block
- d-block
- Phase at STP
- liquid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2
- Shorthand configuration
- [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
- Oxidation states
- -2, +1, +2
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 234.32 K
- Boiling point
- 629.88 K
- Density
- 13.5336 g/cm3
- Phase
- liquid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 2
- Atomic radius
- 171 pm
- Covalent radius
- 132 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 155 pm
- First ionization energy
- 1007 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 0 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hg-202 | 201.97064 | 29.86% | Stable |
Common uses
- Thermometers
- Fluorescent lamps
- Dental fillings
- Batteries
Discovery
- Discovered by
- Known since antiquity
- Country
- Unknown