Element 46
Palladium (Pd)
Palladium (Pd) is element 46 of the periodic table, a transition metal in period 5, group 10 (d-block) with an atomic mass of 106.42 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 46
- Symbol
- Pd
- Atomic mass
- 106.42 u
- Category
- Transition metals
- Period
- 5
- Group
- 10
- Block
- d-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10
- Shorthand configuration
- [Kr] 4d10
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 18
- Oxidation states
- 0, +1, +2, +3, +4
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 1828.05 K
- Boiling point
- 3236 K
- Density
- 12.02 g/cm3
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 2.2
- Atomic radius
- 169 pm
- Covalent radius
- 139 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 163 pm
- First ionization energy
- 804 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 54 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pd-106 | 105.90348 | 27.33% | Stable |
Common uses
- Catalytic converters
- Electronics
- Dentistry
- Jewelry
Discovery
- Year
- 1803
- Discovered by
- William Hyde Wollaston
- Country
- England