Element 13
Aluminum (Al)
Aluminum (Al) is element 13 of the periodic table, a post-transition metal in period 3, group 13 (p-block) with an atomic mass of 26.982 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 13
- Symbol
- Al
- Atomic mass
- 26.982 u
- Category
- Post-transition metals
- Period
- 3
- Group
- 13
- Block
- p-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
- Shorthand configuration
- [Ne] 3s2 3p1
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 3
- Oxidation states
- +1, +3
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 933.47 K (660.32 °C)
- Boiling point
- 2,792 K (2,518.85 °C)
- Density
- 2.698 g/cm³
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.61
- Atomic radius
- 118 pm
- Covalent radius
- 121 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 184 pm
- First ionization energy
- 578 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 43 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Al-27 | 26.98154 | 100% | Stable |
Common uses
- Packaging
- Construction
- Transportation
- Electronics
Discovery
- Year
- 1825
- Discovered by
- Hans Christian Ørsted
- Country
- Denmark
Frequently asked questions
- Is aluminum a metal?
- Yes. Aluminum is a metal, classified as a post-transition metal on the periodic table.
- How many protons does aluminum have?
- Aluminum has 13 protons. Its atomic number is 13, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of aluminum.
- What group and period is aluminum in?
- Aluminum is in group 13 and period 3 of the periodic table, in the p-block.
- What is the atomic mass of aluminum?
- The atomic mass of aluminum is 26.982 u (unified atomic mass units).
Keep exploring
Aluminum's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.