Element 13

Aluminum (Al)

Post-transition metal · Period 3 · Group 13 · p-block

Aluminum (Al) is element 13 of the periodic table, a post-transition metal in period 3, group 13 (p-block) with an atomic mass of 26.982 and is a solid at standard conditions.

At a glance

Atomic number
13
Symbol
Al
Atomic mass
26.982 u
Category
Post-transition metals
Period
3
Group
13
Block
p-block
Phase at STP
solid

Electron structure

Electron configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1
Shorthand configuration
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 3
Oxidation states
+1, +3

Physical properties

Melting point
933.47 K (660.32 °C)
Boiling point
2,792 K (2,518.85 °C)
Density
2.698 g/cm³
Phase
solid

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling)
1.61
Atomic radius
118 pm
Covalent radius
121 pm
Van der Waals radius
184 pm
First ionization energy
578 kJ/mol
Electron affinity
43 kJ/mol

Notable isotopes

Notable isotopes of Aluminum: mass number, atomic mass, natural abundance, and stability.
IsotopeMassAbundanceStability
Al-2726.98154100%Stable

Common uses

  • Packaging
  • Construction
  • Transportation
  • Electronics

Discovery

Year
1825
Discovered by
Hans Christian Ørsted
Country
Denmark

Frequently asked questions

Is aluminum a metal?
Yes. Aluminum is a metal, classified as a post-transition metal on the periodic table.
How many protons does aluminum have?
Aluminum has 13 protons. Its atomic number is 13, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of aluminum.
What group and period is aluminum in?
Aluminum is in group 13 and period 3 of the periodic table, in the p-block.
What is the atomic mass of aluminum?
The atomic mass of aluminum is 26.982 u (unified atomic mass units).

Keep exploring

Aluminum's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.