Element 100
Fermium (Fm)
Fermium (Fm) is element 100 of the periodic table, an actinide in period 7 (f-block) with an atomic mass of 257 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 100
- Symbol
- Fm
- Atomic mass
- 257 u
- Category
- Actinides
- Period
- 7
- Block
- f-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 5f12 7s2
- Shorthand configuration
- [Rn] 5f12 7s2
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 30, 8, 2
- Oxidation states
- +2, +3
Physical properties
Fermium has only ever been produced in quantities too small to weigh or observe in bulk. The physical and atomic values below are theoretical predictions from periodic trends and relativistic calculations, not measurements.
- Melting point
- 1,800 K (1,526.85 °C) (predicted)
- Density
- 9.7 g/cm³ (predicted)
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.3 (predicted)
- First ionization energy
- 629 kJ/mol (predicted)
- Electron affinity
- 34 kJ/mol (predicted)
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fm-257 | 257.09511 | - | Half-life 100.5 days |
Common uses
- Scientific research only
Discovery
- Year
- 1952
- Discovered by
- Albert Ghiorso
- Country
- USA
Frequently asked questions
- Is fermium a metal?
- Yes. Fermium is a metal, classified as an actinide on the periodic table.
- How many protons does fermium have?
- Fermium has 100 protons. Its atomic number is 100, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of fermium.
- What group and period is fermium in?
- Fermium is in period 7 of the periodic table. As an actinide in the f-block, it sits in a separate row below the main table and has no standard group number.
- What is the atomic mass of fermium?
- The atomic mass of fermium is 257 u (unified atomic mass units).
Keep exploring
Fermium's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.