Element 29
Copper (Cu)
Copper (Cu) is element 29 of the periodic table, a transition metal in period 4, group 11 (d-block) with an atomic mass of 63.546 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 29
- Symbol
- Cu
- Atomic mass
- 63.546 u
- Category
- Transition metals
- Period
- 4
- Group
- 11
- Block
- d-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1
- Shorthand configuration
- [Ar] 3d10 4s1
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 1
- Oxidation states
- -2, +1, +2, +3, +4
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 1,357.77 K (1,084.62 °C)
- Boiling point
- 2,835 K (2,561.85 °C)
- Density
- 8.96 g/cm³
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 1.9
- Atomic radius
- 145 pm
- Covalent radius
- 132 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 140 pm
- First ionization energy
- 746 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 119 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cu-63 | 62.9296 | 69.17% | Stable |
Common uses
- Electrical wiring
- Plumbing
- Coins
- Cookware
Discovery
- Discovered by
- Known since antiquity
- Country
- Unknown
Frequently asked questions
- Is copper a metal?
- Yes. Copper is a metal, classified as a transition metal on the periodic table.
- How many protons does copper have?
- Copper has 29 protons. Its atomic number is 29, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of copper.
- What group and period is copper in?
- Copper is in group 11 and period 4 of the periodic table, in the d-block.
- What is the atomic mass of copper?
- The atomic mass of copper is 63.546 u (unified atomic mass units).
Keep exploring
Copper's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.