Element 46

Palladium (Pd)

Transition metal · Period 5 · Group 10 · d-block

Palladium (Pd) is element 46 of the periodic table, a transition metal in period 5, group 10 (d-block) with an atomic mass of 106.42 and is a solid at standard conditions.

At a glance

Atomic number
46
Symbol
Pd
Atomic mass
106.42 u
Category
Transition metals
Period
5
Group
10
Block
d-block
Phase at STP
solid

Electron structure

Electron configuration
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10
Shorthand configuration
[Kr] 4d10
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 18
Oxidation states
0, +1, +2, +3, +4

Physical properties

Melting point
1,828.05 K (1,554.9 °C)
Boiling point
3,236 K (2,962.85 °C)
Density
12.02 g/cm³
Phase
solid

Atomic properties

Electronegativity (Pauling)
2.2
Atomic radius
169 pm
Covalent radius
139 pm
Van der Waals radius
163 pm
First ionization energy
804 kJ/mol
Electron affinity
54 kJ/mol

Notable isotopes

Notable isotopes of Palladium: mass number, atomic mass, natural abundance, and stability.
IsotopeMassAbundanceStability
Pd-106105.9034827.33%Stable

Common uses

  • Catalytic converters
  • Electronics
  • Dentistry
  • Jewelry

Discovery

Year
1803
Discovered by
William Hyde Wollaston
Country
England

Frequently asked questions

Is palladium a metal?
Yes. Palladium is a metal, classified as a transition metal on the periodic table.
How many protons does palladium have?
Palladium has 46 protons. Its atomic number is 46, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of palladium.
What group and period is palladium in?
Palladium is in group 10 and period 5 of the periodic table, in the d-block.
What is the atomic mass of palladium?
The atomic mass of palladium is 106.42 u (unified atomic mass units).

Keep exploring

Palladium's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.