Element 88
Radium (Ra)
Radium (Ra) is element 88 of the periodic table, an alkaline earth metal in period 7, group 2 (s-block) with an atomic mass of 226 and is a solid at standard conditions.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 88
- Symbol
- Ra
- Atomic mass
- 226 u
- Category
- Alkaline earth metals
- Period
- 7
- Group
- 2
- Block
- s-block
- Phase at STP
- solid
Electron structure
- Electron configuration
- 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p6 7s2
- Shorthand configuration
- [Rn] 7s2
- Electrons per shell
- 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8, 2
- Oxidation states
- +2
Physical properties
- Melting point
- 973 K (699.85 °C)
- Boiling point
- 2,010 K (1,736.85 °C)
- Density
- 5.5 g/cm³
- Phase
- solid
Atomic properties
- Electronegativity (Pauling)
- 0.9
- Atomic radius
- 283 pm
- Covalent radius
- 221 pm
- Van der Waals radius
- 283 pm
- First ionization energy
- 509 kJ/mol
- Electron affinity
- 10 kJ/mol
Notable isotopes
| Isotope | Mass | Abundance | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ra-226 | 226.02541 | - | Half-life 1600 years |
Common uses
- Cancer treatment
- Luminous paints (historical)
- Research
Discovery
- Year
- 1898
- Discovered by
- Marie Curie, Pierre Curie
- Country
- France
Frequently asked questions
- Is radium a metal?
- Yes. Radium is a metal, classified as an alkaline earth metal on the periodic table.
- How many protons does radium have?
- Radium has 88 protons. Its atomic number is 88, which is also the number of electrons in a neutral atom of radium.
- What group and period is radium in?
- Radium is in group 2 and period 7 of the periodic table, in the s-block.
- What is the atomic mass of radium?
- The atomic mass of radium is 226 u (unified atomic mass units).
Keep exploring
Radium's row is on the printable element property sheet, and its tile is on the periodic table wall chart - the same numbers as above, laid out for A4 or A3 paper.